My answer is no, there is no established, concise term for the situation you describe.

If you said my group went on a weekend retreat at ABC Country Lodge, you are more than likely going to be asked to clarify the meaning of retreat. Like, a retreat, huh? What kind of retreat or what was the retreat about or what was the purpose of the retreat? This is because retreat has the meaning of a group of people, often a specific group, attending a specially organized weekend ordered around a specific topic in order to do or study or attend talks and/or meditate on that topic. Such a retreat does not even need to be held in the countryside, it could be held at a meeting center downtown.

Oddly, the phrase "retreat weekend" does not seem to carry with it all the garbage, er connotations, that weekend retreat does.

And a getaway does not necessarily mean a getaway into the countryside. There are people who relax better in the city, or at least in a crowded urban amusement park. And plenty of weekend getaways are made to Las Vegas.

I stand by my comment that was meant to imply that every native speaker in the USA would know (in general if not in detail, as in did you play horseshoes, Frisbee golf, bicycle, fish, etc.) what you meant if you said, my family or group spent a weekend in the countryside.

However, as that is not concise, you could just 'invent' a term for your minutes and say a countryside weekend. Or use the original foreign language phrase. It's your minutes, after all, and foreign terms are adopted when native terns aren't ready-enough synonyms. But the more I look at countryside weekend the more I like it. And 'retreat weekend' is also good.

I would call that a weekend retreat.

If you search on this term you can find many travel related ads as examples.

Another term would be a "weekend outing" or "our weekend outing." It doesn't specifically say that you're staying in the country -- it's more "we are getting out of the house" -- but it doesn't bar that, either, and... they're your notes, so as long as you have established that this is the Usual Weekend Outing, the context is established and you can be a little vague.

Or you could just go for the direct translation: "Our lodge weekend." Again, as these are your notes, you can do a certain amount of jargon-creation.

I think you could say it this way if you are talking about a family:

It had been a very difficult work week, so he decided on a weekend escape for himself and his family.

They left their children at their grandparents, and went on a weekend escape to a coastal spa (or a countryside home if you wish).

If the choice were between "weekend retreat" and "retreat weekend", I would choose the latter here, because you mention "meetings and meeting minutes". A "weekend retreat" has connotations of "getting away from everything, all relaxation, no business", whereas the connotations of "retreat weekend" are "primarily business in nature, in pleasant surroundings, with group events that may have a fun element but which serve a business purpose, such as team-building".

I think "lodge weekend" is an excellent choice. Depending on whether you have already chosen the lodge for the weekend, "weekend at a lodge" or "weekend at the lodge" would also be an excellent choice. Because these are literal translations of your German word, your intended audience will be sure to understand you.

"It's getting to be time again for our annual lodge weekend" and "It's getting to be time for our annual weekend at a lodge" sound perfectly natural to my (American) ear, even though I don't think I have ever heard the terms before.